JISE


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Journal of Information Science and Engineering, Vol. 33 No. 5, pp. 1267-1283


Distributed PCA and Consensus Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for WSNs


M. BEHZAD1, M. S. JAVAID2, M. A. PARAHCA3 AND S. KHAN1
1COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

2University of Hafr al Batin
Hafr al Batin 31911, Saudi Arabia

3Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering
Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
E-mail: muzammil.behzad@ieee.org; {sharjeel188; greatparacha007; salmanmalk7}@gmail.com


    Routing protocols with consensus approaches are extensively used for realizing distributed algorithms and have recently found many applications along with use of principal component analysis (PCA). Their vigorous implementation to increase network performance in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is of extreme significance. In this work, we present our proposed novel routing algorithm; M-BEHZAD, to maximize system performance, stability period and throughput of nodes deployed in a remote field. Distributed principal component analysis (DPCA) based threshold aware communication and fixed clustering method have been used. Selection of cluster heads (CHs) and division of observation field make our proposed scheme more robust. Mathematical representation of the coverage model and 3-Tier communication design for reducing transmission distance is implemented. This ultimately results in improved system performance and considerably minimizes the coverage and energy holes leading to extended lifespan. Comprehensive simulations results are presented validating the applicability of our approach.


Keywords: coverage holes, energy holes, hemisphere zoning (HZ), principal component analysis (PCA), routing protocol, wireless sensor networks (WSNs)

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