To improve the quality and efficiency of the printing process and reduce unnecessary losses, it is important to carry out on-site management of the printing workshop. First, taking the sheet-fed printing workshop of company H as the research object, the key quality problems of the printed matter are discussed in combination with a Pareto diagram, and the causes are explored using a fishbone diagram and fault tree analysis (FTA). Finally, the on-site 5S management method is used to control and improve the flat-sheet printing site of company H. The main reasons for quality problems of printed products are that the workers do not maintain the equipment as required, the pressure between the ink roller and the PS plate is too large, and the control of the amount of ink is unbalanced. The analysis shows that implementing 5S management can improve the working environment of company H’s sheet-fed printing workshop, improve the overall efficiency of printing, mobilize the enthusiasm of employees, and make workshop management more economic, scientific, and standardized. The quality of printing products significantly improved, the number of defective products decreased, and the company's overall profit improved.